What term is used to describe when a community takes responsibility for their neighborhood?

The term that best describes when a community takes responsibility for their neighborhood is "Collective Efficacy." This concept emphasizes the social cohesion among community members, coupled with their willingness to intervene for the common good, particularly in the context of crime prevention and maintaining public order. When residents of a neighborhood are engaged, supportive of one another, and proactive in addressing issues, it fosters an environment where undesirable behaviors are less likely to occur, leading to enhanced community safety and well-being. This collective mindset not only builds a stronger social fabric but also empowers individuals to feel a sense of ownership and accountability within their community.

In contrast, the other terms represent different but related concepts. For instance, "Community Resilience" focuses on a community's ability to recover from challenges and adapt to changes or disasters. "Neighborhood Management" refers to the organized approach to maintain and improve community features through local governance and resources. "Community Policing" involves police building relationships with community members to enhance trust and collaboration in crime prevention. While these concepts contribute to community development and safety, they do not encapsulate the specific idea of neighbors collectively taking responsibility for their area in the same way that Collective Efficacy does.